Gravity

Mediator: Graviton (hypothetical) · Range: Infinite

Relative Strength: 1
Curves spacetime itself. The weakest force, yet it shapes the cosmos.

Electromagnetism

Mediator: Photon (massless) · Range: Infinite

Relative Strength: 1036
Light, chemistry, magnetism — all one force. Like charges repel, opposites attract.

Strong Force

Mediator: Gluon (massless, color-charged) · Range: ~1 fm

Relative Strength: 1038
Confinement: pull quarks apart and the force INCREASES — creating new quarks instead.

Weak Force

Mediator: W±/Z Bosons (80–91 GeV) · Range: ~10-18 m

Relative Strength: 1025
Transforms quarks between flavors. Powers the Sun via beta decay. Violates parity.